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By hoppt
ໃນຫມໍ້ໄຟ lithium-ion, ເພື່ອບັນລຸເປົ້າຫມາຍຂອງ 350 Wh Kg-1, ວັດສະດຸ cathode ໃຊ້ nickel-rich layered oxide (LiNixMnyCozO2, x+y+z=1, ເອີ້ນວ່າ NMCxyz). ດ້ວຍການເພີ່ມຄວາມຫນາແຫນ້ນຂອງພະລັງງານ, ອັນຕະລາຍທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການລະບາຍຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ LIBs ໄດ້ດຶງດູດຄວາມສົນໃຈຂອງປະຊາຊົນ. ຈາກທັດສະນະຂອງວັດສະດຸ, electrodes ບວກທີ່ອຸດົມສົມບູນ nickel ມີບັນຫາຄວາມປອດໄພທີ່ຮ້າຍແຮງ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ການຜຸພັງ / ເສັ້ນຜ່າສູນກາງຂອງອົງປະກອບຫມໍ້ໄຟອື່ນໆ, ເຊັ່ນ: ທາດແຫຼວທາງອິນຊີແລະ electrodes ລົບ, ຍັງສາມາດເຮັດໃຫ້ເກີດການລະບາຍຄວາມຮ້ອນ, ເຊິ່ງຖືວ່າເປັນສາເຫດຕົ້ນຕໍຂອງບັນຫາຄວາມປອດໄພ. ການສ້າງຕົວຄວບຄຸມພາຍໃນສະຖານທີ່ຂອງການໂຕ້ຕອບ electrode-electrolyte ທີ່ຫມັ້ນຄົງແມ່ນຍຸດທະສາດຕົ້ນຕໍສໍາລັບການຜະລິດຫມໍ້ໄຟ lithium ທີ່ມີຄວາມຫນາແຫນ້ນສູງຂອງການຜະລິດຕໍ່ໄປ. ໂດຍສະເພາະ, ທາດແຂງແລະຫນາແຫນ້ນ cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) ທີ່ມີອົງປະກອບອະນົງຄະທາດຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຄວາມຮ້ອນທີ່ສູງຂຶ້ນສາມາດແກ້ໄຂບັນຫາຄວາມປອດໄພໂດຍການຍັບຍັ້ງການປ່ອຍອົກຊີເຈນ. ມາຮອດປະຈຸ, ຂາດການຄົ້ນຄວ້າກ່ຽວກັບວັດສະດຸທີ່ດັດແປງ CEI cathode ແລະຄວາມປອດໄພລະດັບຫມໍ້ໄຟ.
ບໍ່ດົນມານີ້, Feng Xuning, Wang Li, ແລະ Ouyang Minggao ຈາກມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລ Tsinghua ໄດ້ເຜີຍແຜ່ເອກະສານການຄົ້ນຄວ້າທີ່ມີຊື່ວ່າ "In-Built Ultraconformal Interphases Enable High-Safety Practical Battery Lithium" ກ່ຽວກັບວັດສະດຸເກັບຮັກສາພະລັງງານ. ຜູ້ຂຽນໄດ້ປະເມີນປະສິດທິພາບດ້ານຄວາມປອດໄພຂອງແບດເຕີຣີ້ເຕັມ NMC811/Gr ທີ່ໃຊ້ໄດ້ແບບອ່ອນໆ ແລະ ຄວາມສະຖຽນຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ electrode ບວກ CEI ທີ່ສອດຄ້ອງກັນ. ກົນໄກການສະກັດກັ້ນການລະບາຍຄວາມຮ້ອນລະຫວ່າງວັດສະດຸ ແລະ ໝໍ້ໄຟຊຸດອ່ອນໄດ້ຖືກສຶກສາຢ່າງຮອບດ້ານ. ດ້ວຍການໃຊ້ໄຟຟ້າ perfluorinated ທີ່ບໍ່ຕິດໄຟ, ແບດເຕີລີ່ເຕັມປະເພດ NMC811/Gr ໄດ້ຖືກກະກຽມ. ຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ NMC811 ໄດ້ຖືກປັບປຸງໂດຍຊັ້ນປ້ອງກັນ CEI ທີ່ອຸດົມໄປດ້ວຍ LiF ອະນົງຄະທາດ. CEI ຂອງ LiF ສາມາດບັນເທົາການປ່ອຍອົກຊີເຈນທີ່ເກີດຈາກການປ່ຽນແປງໄລຍະແລະຍັບຍັ້ງປະຕິກິລິຢາ exothermic ລະຫວ່າງ NMC811 ດີໃຈກັບ electrolyte fluorinated.
ຮູບທີ 1 ການປຽບທຽບລັກສະນະການລະບາຍຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງແບດເຕີຣີ້ແບບເຕັມຂອງ NMC811/Gr ທີ່ໃຊ້ໃນຖົງຢາງເຕັມທີ່ໃຊ້ perfluorinated electrolyte ແລະ electrolyte ທໍາມະດາ. ຫຼັງຈາກຫນຶ່ງວົງຈອນຂອງແບບດັ້ງເດີມ (a) EC/EMC ແລະ (b) perfluorinated FEC/FEMC/HFE pouch electrolyte ປະເພດຫມໍ້ໄຟເຕັມ. (c) ໄຟຟ້າ EC/EMC ແບບດັ້ງເດີມ ແລະ (d) ໝໍ້ໜຶ້ງ electrolyte ປະເພດ FEC/FEMC/HFE perfluorinated ເຕັມອາຍຸຫຼັງຈາກ 100 ຮອບ.
ສໍາລັບແບດເຕີຣີ້ NMC811/Gr ທີ່ມີ electrolyte ແບບດັ້ງເດີມຫຼັງຈາກຫນຶ່ງຮອບ (ຮູບ 1a), T2 ຢູ່ທີ່ 202.5 ° C. T2 ເກີດຂຶ້ນເມື່ອແຮງດັນຂອງວົງຈອນເປີດຫຼຸດລົງ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍ່ຕາມ, T2 ຂອງແບດເຕີລີ່ທີ່ໃຊ້ electrolyte perfluorinated ຮອດ 220.2 ° C (ຮູບ 1b), ເຊິ່ງສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ electrolyte perfluorinated ສາມາດປັບປຸງຄວາມປອດໄພດ້ານຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງແບດເຕີຣີໃນລະດັບໃດຫນຶ່ງເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນທີ່ສູງຂຶ້ນ. ເມື່ອແບດເຕີຣີອາຍຸ, ຄ່າ T2 ຂອງແບດເຕີຣີ electrolyte ແບບດັ້ງເດີມຫຼຸດລົງເຖິງ 195.2 ° C (ຮູບ 1c). ຢ່າງໃດກໍ່ຕາມ, ຂະບວນການອາຍຸບໍ່ມີຜົນກະທົບຕໍ່ T2 ຂອງແບດເຕີລີ່ໂດຍໃຊ້ perfluorinated electrolytes (ຮູບ 1d). ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ຄ່າ dT/dt ສູງສຸດຂອງຫມໍ້ໄຟທີ່ໃຊ້ electrolyte ແບບດັ້ງເດີມໃນໄລຍະ TR ແມ່ນສູງເຖິງ 113 ° C s-1, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ຫມໍ້ໄຟທີ່ໃຊ້ perfluorinated electrolyte ແມ່ນພຽງແຕ່ 32 ° C s-1. ຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງໃນ T2 ຂອງແບດເຕີລີ່ທີ່ມີອາຍຸສາມາດຖືກສະແດງເຖິງຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງດ້ານຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ NMC811 ທີ່ຫນ້າພໍໃຈ, ເຊິ່ງຫຼຸດລົງພາຍໃຕ້ electrolytes ທໍາມະດາ, ແຕ່ສາມາດຮັກສາປະສິດທິຜົນພາຍໃຕ້ electrolytes perfluorinated.
ຮູບທີ 2 ຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ delithiation NMC811 electrode ບວກແລະປະສົມຫມໍ້ໄຟ NMC811/Gr. (A,b) ແຜນທີ່ Contour ຂອງ C-NMC811 ແລະ F-NMC811 synchrotron ພະລັງງານສູງ XRD ແລະທີ່ສອດຄ້ອງກັນ (003) ການປ່ຽນແປງສູງສຸດຂອງ diffraction. (c) ພຶດຕິກໍາການປ່ອຍຄວາມຮ້ອນແລະອົກຊີເຈນຂອງ electrode ບວກຂອງ C-NMC811 ແລະ F-NMC811. (d) ເສັ້ນໂຄ້ງ DSC ຂອງສ່ວນປະສົມຂອງຕົວຢ່າງຂອງ electrode ບວກທີ່ພໍໃຈ, electrode ລົບ lithiated, ແລະ electrolyte.
ຮູບ 2a ແລະ b ສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນເສັ້ນໂຄ້ງ HEXRD ຂອງ NMC81 ທີ່ຫນ້າພໍໃຈກັບຊັ້ນ CEI ທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນໃນທີ່ປະທັບຂອງ electrolytes ທໍາມະດາແລະໃນລະຫວ່າງໄລຍະເວລາຈາກອຸນຫະພູມຫ້ອງເຖິງ 600 ° C. ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນຢ່າງຊັດເຈນວ່າຢູ່ໃນທີ່ປະທັບຂອງ electrolyte, ຊັ້ນ CEI ທີ່ເຂັ້ມແຂງແມ່ນເອື້ອອໍານວຍໃຫ້ແກ່ຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ lithium-deposited cathode. ດັ່ງທີ່ສະແດງຢູ່ໃນຮູບທີ 2c, F-NMC811 ດຽວສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນເຖິງຈຸດສູງສຸດຂອງ exothermic ຊ້າລົງຢູ່ທີ່ 233.8 ° C, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ C-NMC811 ສູງສຸດ exothermic ປາກົດຢູ່ທີ່ 227.3 ° C. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ຄວາມເຂັ້ມຂົ້ນແລະອັດຕາການປ່ອຍອົກຊີທີ່ເກີດຈາກການຫັນປ່ຽນໄລຍະຂອງ C-NMC811 ແມ່ນຮ້າຍແຮງກວ່າ F-NMC811, ຢືນຢັນຕື່ມອີກວ່າ CEI ທີ່ເຂັ້ມແຂງປັບປຸງຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ F-NMC811. ຮູບທີ 2d ດໍາເນີນການທົດສອບ DSC ກ່ຽວກັບສ່ວນປະສົມຂອງ NMC811 ທີ່ຫນ້າຍິນດີ ແລະອົງປະກອບແບດເຕີຣີທີ່ສອດຄ້ອງກັນອື່ນໆ. ສໍາລັບ electrolytes ທໍາມະດາ, ສູງສຸດ exothermic ຂອງຕົວຢ່າງທີ່ມີ 1 ແລະ 100 ຮອບວຽນຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າອາຍຸຂອງການໂຕ້ຕອບແບບດັ້ງເດີມຈະຫຼຸດຜ່ອນຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນ. ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມ, ສໍາລັບ electrolyte perfluorinated, ຮູບປະກອບຫຼັງຈາກ 1 ແລະ 100 ຮອບວຽນສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນເຖິງຈຸດສູງສຸດ exothermic ຢ່າງກວ້າງຂວາງແລະອ່ອນ, ສອດຄ່ອງກັບອຸນຫະພູມຜົນກະທົບຕໍ່ TR (T2). ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບ (ຮູບ 1) ແມ່ນສອດຄ່ອງ, ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ CEI ທີ່ເຂັ້ມແຂງສາມາດປັບປຸງຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ NMC811 ທີ່ມີອາຍຸແລະມີຄວາມສຸກແລະອົງປະກອບຂອງແບດເຕີຣີອື່ນໆ.
ຮູບທີ່ 3 ລັກສະນະຂອງ electrode NMC811 ດີໃຈໃນ electrolyte perfluorinated. (ab) ຮູບພາບ SEM ຂ້າມພາກຂອງ electrode ບວກ F-NMC811 ທີ່ມີອາຍຸ ແລະການສ້າງແຜນທີ່ EDS ທີ່ສອດຄ້ອງກັນ. (ch) ການແຈກຢາຍອົງປະກອບ. (ij) ຮູບ SEM ຂ້າມພາກຂອງ electrode ບວກ F-NMC811 ທີ່ມີອາຍຸຢູ່ໃນ virtual xy. (km) ການຟື້ນຟູໂຄງສ້າງ 3D FIB-SEM ແລະການແຈກຢາຍທາງກວ້າງຂອງອົງປະກອບ F.
ເພື່ອຢືນຢັນການສ້າງຕັ້ງຂອງ fluorinated CEI ທີ່ສາມາດຄວບຄຸມໄດ້, ການແຜ່ກະຈາຍຂອງຮູບທໍ່ກົມແລະການແຜ່ກະຈາຍອົງປະກອບຂອງ electrode ບວກອາຍຸ NMC811 ທີ່ຟື້ນຕົວໃນຫມໍ້ໄຟ soft-pack ຕົວຈິງແມ່ນມີລັກສະນະໂດຍ FIB-SEM (ຮູບ 3 ah). ໃນ electrolyte perfluorinated, ຊັ້ນ CEI fluorinated ເປັນເອກະພາບແມ່ນສ້າງຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນດ້ານຂອງ F-NMC811. ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມ, C-NMC811 ໃນ electrolyte ທໍາມະດາຂາດ F ແລະປະກອບເປັນຊັ້ນ CEI ທີ່ບໍ່ສະເຫມີກັນ. ເນື້ອໃນຂອງອົງປະກອບ F ໃນສ່ວນຂ້າມຂອງ F-NMC811 (ຮູບ 3h) ແມ່ນສູງກວ່າ C-NMC811, ເຊິ່ງໄດ້ພິສູດຕື່ມອີກວ່າການສ້າງ inorganic fluorinated mesophase ແມ່ນກຸນແຈໃນການຮັກສາຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງ NMC811 ທີ່ຫນ້າຍິນດີ. . ດ້ວຍຄວາມຊ່ອຍເຫລືອຂອງແຜນທີ່ FIB-SEM ແລະ EDS, ດັ່ງທີ່ສະແດງຢູ່ໃນຮູບ 3m, ມັນໄດ້ສັງເກດເຫັນອົງປະກອບ F ຈໍານວນຫຼາຍໃນແບບຈໍາລອງ 3D ຢູ່ດ້ານຂອງ F-NMC811.
ຮູບທີ 4a) ການແຜ່ກະຈາຍຄວາມເລິກຂອງອົງປະກອບຢູ່ເທິງພື້ນຜິວຂອງ electrode ບວກ NMC811 ຕົ້ນສະບັບແລະດີໃຈ. (ac) FIB-TOF-SIMS ກໍາລັງເຮັດໃຫ້ການກະຈາຍຂອງອົງປະກອບ F, O, ແລະ Li ໃນ electrode ບວກຂອງ NMC811. (df) ຮູບຮ່າງດ້ານສະລິຍະ ແລະ ການແຈກຢາຍຄວາມເລິກຂອງອົງປະກອບ F, O, ແລະ Li ຂອງ NMC811.
FIB-TOF-SEM ໄດ້ເປີດເຜີຍຕື່ມອີກກ່ຽວກັບການແຜ່ກະຈາຍຄວາມເລິກຂອງອົງປະກອບໃນດ້ານຂອງ electrode ບວກຂອງ NMC811 (ຮູບ 4). ເມື່ອປຽບທຽບກັບຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບແລະ C-NMC811, ການເພີ່ມຂື້ນຢ່າງຫຼວງຫຼາຍຂອງສັນຍານ F ໄດ້ຖືກພົບເຫັນຢູ່ໃນຊັ້ນເທິງຂອງ F-NMC811 (ຮູບ 4a). ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ສັນຍານ O ທີ່ອ່ອນແອແລະສູງ Li ຢູ່ດ້ານຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນເຖິງການສ້າງຕັ້ງຊັ້ນ F- ແລະ Li-rich CEI (ຮູບ 4b, c). ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບເຫຼົ່ານີ້ທັງຫມົດຢືນຢັນວ່າ F-NMC811 ມີຊັ້ນ CEI ທີ່ອຸດົມສົມບູນ LiF. ເມື່ອປຽບທຽບກັບ CEI ຂອງ C-NMC811, ຊັ້ນ CEI ຂອງ F-NMC811 ມີອົງປະກອບ F ແລະ Li ຫຼາຍກວ່າ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ດັ່ງທີ່ສະແດງຢູ່ໃນ FIGS. 4d-f, ຈາກທັດສະນະຂອງຄວາມເລິກ etching ion, ໂຄງສ້າງຂອງ NMC811 ຕົ້ນສະບັບແມ່ນເຂັ້ມແຂງກວ່າ NMC811 ທີ່ຫນ້າພໍໃຈ. ຄວາມເລິກ etch ຂອງອາຍຸ F-NMC811 ແມ່ນຂະຫນາດນ້ອຍກວ່າ C-NMC811, ຊຶ່ງຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າ F-NMC811 ມີຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງໂຄງສ້າງທີ່ດີເລີດ.
ຮູບທີ 5 ອົງປະກອບທາງເຄມີ CEI ຢູ່ດ້ານຂອງ electrode ບວກຂອງ NMC811. (a) XPS spectrum ຂອງ NMC811 electrode ບວກ CEI. (bc) XPS C1s ແລະ F1s spectra ຂອງຕົ້ນສະບັບແລະດີໃຈ NMC811 electrode ບວກ CEI. (d) ກ້ອງຈຸລະທັດເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກການສົ່ງ Cryo: ການກະຈາຍອົງປະກອບຂອງ F-NMC811. (e) ຮູບ Frozen TEM ຂອງ CEI ສ້າງຂຶ້ນໃນ F-NMC81. (fg) ຮູບ STEM-HAADF ແລະ STEM-ABF ຂອງ C-NMC811. (hi) ຮູບ STEM-HAADF ແລະ STEM-ABF ຂອງ F-NMC811.
ພວກເຂົາເຈົ້າໄດ້ໃຊ້ XPS ເພື່ອສະແດງອົງປະກອບທາງເຄມີຂອງ CEI ໃນ NMC811 (ຮູບ 5). ບໍ່ເຫມືອນກັບ C-NMC811 ຕົ້ນສະບັບ, CEI ຂອງ F-NMC811 ປະກອບດ້ວຍ F ຂະຫນາດໃຫຍ່ແລະ Li ແຕ່ເປັນການຄ້າຫນ້ອຍ C (ຮູບ 5a). ການຫຼຸດລົງຂອງຊະນິດ C ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ CEI ທີ່ອຸດົມສົມບູນ LiF ສາມາດປົກປ້ອງ F-NMC811 ໂດຍການຫຼຸດຜ່ອນປະຕິກິລິຍາຂ້າງຄຽງທີ່ຍືນຍົງກັບ electrolytes (ຮູບ 5b). ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ປະລິມານຫນ້ອຍຂອງ CO ແລະ C = O ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າການແກ້ໄຂ F-NMC811 ແມ່ນຈໍາກັດ. ໃນ F1s spectrum ຂອງ XPS (ຮູບ 5c), F-NMC811 ສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນສັນຍານ LiF ທີ່ມີປະສິດທິພາບ, ຢືນຢັນວ່າ CEI ມີ LiF ຈໍານວນຫຼວງຫຼາຍທີ່ໄດ້ມາຈາກສານລະລາຍ fluorinated. ການສ້າງແຜນທີ່ຂອງອົງປະກອບ F, O, Ni, Co, ແລະ Mn ໃນເຂດທ້ອງຖິ່ນກ່ຽວກັບອະນຸພາກ F-NMC811 ສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າລາຍລະອຽດໄດ້ຖືກແຈກຢາຍຢ່າງເທົ່າທຽມກັນທັງຫມົດ (ຮູບ 5d). ຮູບພາບ TEM ທີ່ມີອຸນຫະພູມຕ່ໍາໃນຮູບ 5e ສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ CEI ສາມາດເຮັດຫນ້າທີ່ເປັນຊັ້ນປ້ອງກັນເພື່ອປົກຫຸ້ມຂອງ electrode ບວກ NMC811 ເປັນເອກະພາບ. ເພື່ອຢືນຢັນການວິວັຖນາທາງໂຄງສ້າງຂອງສ່ວນຕິດຕໍ່ເພີ່ມເຕີມ, ການທົດລອງລະບົບກ້ອງຈຸລະທັດທາງເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ (HAADF-STEM ແລະ ABF-STEM) ໄດ້ດໍາເນີນການທົດລອງໃນມຸມສູງ. -NMC811), ດ້ານຂອງ electrode ໃນທາງບວກ circulating ໄດ້ມີການປ່ຽນແປງໄລຍະທີ່ຮຸນແຮງ, ແລະໄລຍະເກືອກ້ອນຫີນທີ່ບໍ່ເປັນລະບຽບແມ່ນສະສົມຢູ່ດ້ານຂອງ electrode ບວກ (ຮູບ 5f). ສໍາລັບ perfluorinated electrolyte, ດ້ານຂອງ F-NMC811. electrode ໃນທາງບວກຮັກສາໂຄງສ້າງຊັ້ນ (ຮູບ 5h), ຊີ້ບອກເຖິງອັນຕະລາຍ ໄລຍະດັ່ງກ່າວກາຍເປັນການສະກັດກັ້ນຢ່າງມີປະສິດທິພາບ, ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ຊັ້ນ CEI ເປັນເອກະພາບໄດ້ຖືກສັງເກດເຫັນຢູ່ດ້ານຂອງ F-NMC811 (ຮູບ 5i-g). ຊັ້ນ CEI ຢູ່ດ້ານບວກຂອງ electrode ຂອງ NMC811 ໃນ electrolyte perfluorinated.
ຮູບທີ 6a) TOF-SIMS spectrum ຂອງໄລຍະ interphase ຢູ່ດ້ານຂອງ NMC811 electrode ບວກ. (ac) ການວິເຄາະຄວາມເລິກຂອງຊິ້ນສ່ວນ ion ທີສອງສະເພາະກ່ຽວກັບ electrode ບວກຂອງ NMC811. (df) TOF-SIMS spectrum ເຄມີຂອງ fragment ion ທີສອງຫຼັງຈາກ 180 ວິນາທີຂອງ sputtering ສຸດຕົ້ນສະບັບ, C-NMC811 ແລະ F-NMC811.
C2F-fragments ໂດຍທົ່ວໄປແລ້ວແມ່ນຖືວ່າເປັນສານອິນຊີຂອງ CEI, ແລະ LiF2- ແລະ PO2-fragments ແມ່ນຖືວ່າເປັນຊະນິດທີ່ບໍ່ມີທາດອິນຊີ. ສັນຍານທີ່ເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນຢ່າງຫຼວງຫຼາຍຂອງ LiF2- ແລະ PO2- ໄດ້ຮັບໃນການທົດລອງ (ຮູບ 6a, b), ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າຊັ້ນ CEI ຂອງ F-NMC811 ມີຈໍານວນຊະນິດອະນົງຄະທາດຫຼາຍ. ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມ, ສັນຍານ C2F ຂອງ F-NMC811 ແມ່ນອ່ອນກວ່າຂອງ C-NMC811 (ຮູບ 6c), ຊຶ່ງຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າຊັ້ນ CEI ຂອງ F-NMC811 ມີຊະນິດອິນຊີທີ່ອ່ອນແອຫນ້ອຍລົງ. ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າເພີ່ມເຕີມໄດ້ພົບເຫັນ (ຮູບ 6d-f) ວ່າມີຊະນິດອະນົງຄະທາດຫຼາຍຢູ່ໃນ CEI ຂອງ F-NMC811, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ມີຊະນິດອະນົງຄະທາດຫນ້ອຍລົງໃນ C-NMC811. ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບທັງຫມົດເຫຼົ່ານີ້ສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນການສ້າງຕັ້ງຂອງຊັ້ນ CEI ທີ່ອຸດົມສົມບູນອະນົງຄະທາດແຂງຢູ່ໃນ electrolyte perfluorinated. ເມື່ອປຽບທຽບກັບແບດເຕີລີ່ NMC811/Gr ທີ່ໃຊ້ electrolyte ແບບດັ້ງເດີມ, ການປັບປຸງຄວາມປອດໄພຂອງຫມໍ້ໄຟ soft-pack ໂດຍໃຊ້ perfluorinated electrolyte ສາມາດເປັນ: ທໍາອິດ, ການສ້າງຊັ້ນ CEI ທີ່ອຸດົມສົມບູນໃນ LiF ອະນົງຄະທາດແມ່ນເປັນປະໂຫຍດ. ຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງດ້ານຄວາມຮ້ອນປະກົດຂຶ້ນຂອງ electrode ບວກ NMC811 ທີ່ຫນ້າຍິນດີຊ່ວຍຫຼຸດຜ່ອນການປ່ອຍອົກຊີເຈນທີ່ເກີດຈາກການຫັນປ່ຽນໄລຍະ; ອັນທີສອງ, ຊັ້ນປ້ອງກັນ CEI ອະນົງຄະທາດທີ່ແຂງ, ປ້ອງກັນບໍ່ໃຫ້ delithiation reactive ສູງ NMC811 ຕິດຕໍ່ກັບ electrolyte, ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນປະຕິກິລິຍາຂ້າງຄຽງ exothermic; ອັນທີສາມ, electrolyte perfluorinated ມີຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຄວາມຮ້ອນສູງຢູ່ໃນອຸນຫະພູມສູງ.
ວຽກງານນີ້ໄດ້ລາຍງານການພັດທະນາຂອງແບດເຕີຣີ້ແບບເຕັມແບບກະເປົ໋າ Gr/NMC811 ທີ່ປະຕິບັດໄດ້ໂດຍໃຊ້ສານໄຟຟ້າ perfluorinated, ເຊິ່ງປັບປຸງປະສິດທິພາບຄວາມປອດໄພຂອງມັນຢ່າງຫຼວງຫຼາຍ. ສະຖຽນລະພາບຄວາມຮ້ອນພາຍໃນ. ການສຶກສາຢ່າງເລິກເຊິ່ງກ່ຽວກັບກົນໄກການຍັບຍັ້ງ TR ແລະການພົວພັນລະຫວ່າງວັດສະດຸແລະລະດັບຫມໍ້ໄຟ. ຂະບວນການຜູ້ສູງອາຍຸບໍ່ມີຜົນກະທົບຕໍ່ອຸນຫະພູມຂອງ TR trigger (T2) ຂອງຫມໍ້ໄຟ electrolyte perfluorinated ໃນລະຫວ່າງການພະຍຸທັງຫມົດ, ເຊິ່ງມີຂໍ້ດີທີ່ຊັດເຈນກວ່າແບດເຕີລີ່ຜູ້ສູງອາຍຸໂດຍໃຊ້ electrolyte ແບບດັ້ງເດີມ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ສູງສຸດຂອງ exothermic ແມ່ນສອດຄ່ອງກັບຜົນໄດ້ຮັບ TR, ສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ CEI ທີ່ເຂັ້ມແຂງແມ່ນເອື້ອອໍານວຍໃຫ້ຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງຂອງຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງ electrode ບວກທີ່ບໍ່ມີ lithium ແລະອົງປະກອບຫມໍ້ໄຟອື່ນໆ. ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບເຫຼົ່ານີ້ສະແດງໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າການອອກແບບການຄວບຄຸມພາຍໃນຂອງຊັ້ນ CEI ທີ່ມີຄວາມຫມັ້ນຄົງມີຄວາມສໍາຄັນທາງດ້ານຄໍາແນະນໍາສໍາລັບການປະຕິບັດຕົວຈິງຂອງຫມໍ້ໄຟ lithium ທີ່ມີພະລັງງານສູງທີ່ປອດໄພກວ່າ.
ໃນຕົວແບບ Ultraconformal Interphases ເປີດໃຊ້ແບັດເຕີຣີ Lithium ທີ່ມີຄວາມປອດໄພສູງ, ວັດສະດຸເກັບຮັກສາພະລັງງານ, 2021.
ຕອບພາຍໃນ 6 ຊົ່ວໂມງ, ຄໍາຖາມໃດໆແມ່ນຍິນດີຕ້ອນຮັບ!